Abstract
1. The hydraulic-biological and geometric criteria of a comparative evaluation of various designs of filtration fish protection devices (FPDs) with a fish diversion were formulated and brought to practical use. These criteri a permit a uniform approach to the development of effective FPDs and obtaining economical and reliable means of protecting fishes in the presence of water intakes. 2. A new method of hydraulic calculation of an obstacle obliquely installed in a flow with a fish diversion was developed, which permits taking into account the nonuniform distribution of the normal components of the flow velocities through a screen over its length. Theoretical investigations made it possible to obtain for the first time exact relations of the coefficient of resistance of the screen itself ξ=(2−2A)/A, where A is the coefficient of the cross section of the screen, and of the coefficient of resistance of the screen installed at angle θ to the approach flow ξs=ξ sin2 θ+1, and also the relation for the angle of emergence of the flow from the screen mesh β=arctg [(1−A)×tg θ/(A+tg2θ)]. 3. The results of analyzing various schemes of FPDs with the use of the hydraulic-biological and geometric criteria showed that FPDs with a fish diversion and three-dimensional reticulate barrier in the form of conical two-cavity surfaces most completely meet the requirements of fish protection at water intakes. 4. Two methods of cleaning the screen are most prospective: by the through-going flow with rotation of the barrier and hydraulic impulse cleaning.
Published Version
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