Abstract
Cytotoxic and antioxidant potential of leaf and bark extracts of two Clerodendrum sps namely C. phlomidis and C. viscosum was investigated. Solvent extracts hexane, chloroform, acetone and methanol were tested for their cytotoxic potential using brine shrimp motility assay and antioxidant potential was ascertained using DPPH and FRAP assays. Cytotoxic activity of all the solvent extracts was tested at four doses 25, 50,100 and 200µl/ml. All the extracts showed dose dependent activity. Acetone extract of leaf (C.viscosum) showed significant cytotoxic activity 90.6 % at the dose of 200microgram/ml whereas chloroform extract of C. phlomidis (bark) showed highly significant activity to the tune of 95.6% at the highest dose. Thin layered chromatography based 2, 2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay for assessing the antioxidant potential was conducted using three different solvents, Maximum number of antioxidant bands were obtained in non-polar basic solvent that is Benzene: ethanol: ammonium hydroxide (90:10:1) (BEA). Quantitative radical scavenging assay was also conducted and acetone extract of Clerodendrum phlomidis leaf exhibited significant results at higher doses.
Highlights
Clerodendrum genus consists of at least 20 important medicinal species
IC50 of the extracts was compared with the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid. 2.3.3Quantitative antioxidant activity using FRAP assay: Antioxidant activity was analyzed by Ferric reducing antioxidant power assay as per the protocol of Ahmed and Beigh[13]
A number of active principles have been isolated from the methanolic extracts of leaves of CP15, this study has shown for the first time that chloroform extract of the bark of the medicinal plant Clerodendrum phlomidis holds some promise for the presence of active principles. 3.2 Antioxidant activity 3.2.1 TLC based antioxidant activity: Methanol extract of bark of both the species showed a yellow streak in Benzene: ethanol: ammonium hydroxide (90:10:1) (BEA) solvent instead of bands suggesting that number of antioxidant molecules is so closely situated that they cannot be counted
Summary
Clerodendrum viscosum and Clerodendrum phlomidis are a part of Indigenous system of medicines in a number of countries such as India, China, Srilanka and Australia[1,2]. A number of other species like C. inerme, C. colebrookianum and C. trichotomum have shown antioxidant activities[7,8,9]. As roots are the most popular part used in the indigenous system of medicine so in this comparitive analysis leaf and bark extracts were compared for the cytotoxic as well as antioxidant was conducted. 2. Experimentals 2.1 Collection and processing of plants: Leaves and bark samples of Clerodendrum viscosum and Clerodendrum phlomidis were collected from the medicinal germplasm garden of Regional Plant Resource Centre, Bhubaneswar. 50 gms each of leaf and bark powder was used for preparing the solvent extracts. Quantitative antioxidant activity using radical scavenging DPPH12 and FRAP Assays[13] For both the tests Ascorbic acid was used as standard antioxidant
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