Combustion synthesis of Pr6O11 nanoparticles as an effective and sensitive sensor for detection of vanillin in the presence of uric acid

Abstract

This research work describes a simple, sensitive, and disposable modified carbon paste electrode that has been constructed using praseodymium oxide nanoparticles (Pr6O11 NPs) as a modifier. These Pr6O11 NPs were prepared by combustion method and their characteristic features were studied by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The prepared modified carbon paste electrode (Pr6O11/CPE) was explored by voltammetric techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electron impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The electrochemical oxidation of vanillin (VN) with uric acid (UA) in 0.1 M PBS (pH 7.0), the modified Pr6O11/CPE provides a significant current enhancement over the bare carbon paste electrode (BCPE). Some variable parameters, such as electroactive surface area, effect of modifier concentration, scan rate effect, effect of pH, and electron transfer kinetics have been investigated using the modified electrode. The electrooxidation of VN shows a diffusion-controlled process at modified Pr6O11/CPE. The detection limit of VN was found to be 0.57 µM in the range of 1-4 µM was studied by DPV method. The proposed modified sensor was fruitfully employed to measure the ingredient of VN in real sample. The stability, sensitivity, and limit of detection for VN study demonstrated the feasibility of the modified Pr6O11/CPE.