Abstract
Superposition of orbital eigenstates is crucial to quantum technology utilizing atoms, such as atomic clocks and quantum computers, and control over the interaction between atoms and their neighbours is an essential ingredient for both gating and readout. The simplest coherent wavefunction control uses a two-eigenstate admixture, but more control over the spatial distribution of the wavefunction can be obtained by increasing the number of states in the wavepacket. Here we demonstrate THz laser pulse control of Si:P orbitals using multiple orbital state admixtures, observing beat patterns produced by Zeeman splitting. The beats are an observable signature of the ability to control the path of the electron, which implies we can now control the strength and duration of the interaction of the atom with different neighbours. This could simplify surface code networks which require spatially controlled interaction between atoms, and we propose an architecture that might take advantage of this.
Highlights
Superposition of orbital eigenstates is crucial to quantum technology utilizing atoms, such as atomic clocks and quantum computers, and control over the interaction between atoms and their neighbours is an essential ingredient for both gating and readout
The energy and length scales are determined by the dielectric constant and the effective mass, so the transitions occur in the region of 10 THz and the effective Bohr radius is aÃ0 1⁄4 3 nm
There is a long history of incoherent spectroscopy of shallow impurities (P, Bi and so on) in silicon, normally utilizing the Fourier Transform Infrared technique (FTIR) (Si:Bi2; Si:P3; and more recently our own high field (30 T) work[4] in Si:P)
Summary
Superposition of orbital eigenstates is crucial to quantum technology utilizing atoms, such as atomic clocks and quantum computers, and control over the interaction between atoms and their neighbours is an essential ingredient for both gating and readout. The beats are an observable signature of the ability to control the path of the electron, which implies we can control the strength and duration of the interaction of the atom with different neighbours. This could simplify surface code networks which require spatially controlled interaction between atoms, and we propose an architecture that might take advantage of this. A convenient radiation source for coherent studies in the THz spectral region is the free-electron laser Relevant in this regard are Rabi oscillations reported on the 1s-2p þ system of hydrogenic donors in GaAs in a magnetic field[18] and the observation of the excitonic Autler–Townes effect, utilizing InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells[19]. We find that while the multi-valley effective mass theory is complicated, given simplifications appropriate for our experimental conditions the results are directly comparable to the simple and intuitive hydrogenic picture
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