Clinical veterinary terminology: specificities of formation and translation difficulties

Abstract

The article describes the specifics of the formation, systematization, and translation of clinical veterinary terminology. The aim of the study is to analyze the lexical and structural features of clinical veterinary terminology, to determine the main ways of its reproduction in English-Ukrainian translations. The research results highlight the specifics of formation and lexical/semantic properties of clinical veterinary terminology. It has been established that the formation of clinical veterinary terminology is accomplished using term elements of Greek-Latin origin, which is the basis for the development of the term system of veterinary medicine. In addition, a phenomenon of replacing terms generated on the basis of other languages with English borrowings, and borrowings from other languages has recently been observed. It has been determined that the basis for the formation of clinical veterinary terms is the prefix method, in which the most commonly used prefixes are contra, anti-, in-(im), en-, ante-, pro-, ad-, de- , hyper-, hypo-, post-, meta-, con-, de- (des-), dis-, epi-, extra-, inter-, intra-, per-, re-, sub-, super-, supra-, trans-, ultra-, mono-, bi-, oligo -, para; a suffix method in which the most commonly used suffixes are-ac, -al , -an , -ar , -ary , -eal, -ic, -ine, -ous, -tic, -ectomy, –pexy, -plasty -stomy, -tomy, -centesis, -gram, -graph, -graphy, -lysis, -scope, -scopy, –therapy, -rrhagia or –rrhage, -rrhaphy, -rrhea, -rrhexis, -algia, -dynia, -itis, malacia, -megaly, -osis, -pathy, -sclerosis, -um; aswell as – root method, preferably using a combination of vowel sound and form combinations. The role of abbreviations and shortenings in clinical terminology and ways of their reproduction in the translation have been systematized and analyzed. Lexical, grammatical, and lexical-grammatical ways of translating clinical veterinary terminology into Ukrainian have been indicated. The necessity of a detailed study of clinical terminology for the development of adequate translation skills has been grounded.