Clinical Quiz No. 7

Abstract

Actinomycosis is an infectious disease characterized by the formation of bony swellings on the mandible and surrounding tissues with sinuses discharging sticky pus with granules (sulfur granules). Etiology: Actinomyces bovis, a gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacterium. They gain access to subcutaneous tissue through wounds caused by sharp objects or rough grass. The disease is common only in cattle and considered a minor zoonotic. Microscopic demonstration of branching gram-positive filaments with sulfur granules on discharges; or culturing on blood agar confirm diagnosis. No effective treatment is available; penicillin, sulfonamides, or cephalosporins may give positive results. Abscess draining and wound caring is needed. Surgical cauterization or removal and debridement could be useful. Control by isolating or culling affected animals. A strong disinfectant such as hypochlorite is a good choice for premises and animal environments.