Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare autoimmune disorder causing acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, and respiratory failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This single-center, prospective study was performed in the department of medicine of a tertiary care institute over a period of 18 months with 6 months of follow-up. This study enrolled 50 patients diagnosed with GBS. We analyzed medical records, clinical presentation, laboratory results, electrophysiological findings, and treatment modalities. RESULTS: This study enrolled 50 patients diagnosed with GBS, the mean age of patients was 38.5 ± 17.02 years, and males were predominant (70%). Quadriparesis was the most common motor complaint presented in 80%, whereas tingling and numbness were the most common sensory complaint (70%); 4% of patients had bowel and bladder involvement. Excessive sweating was the most common autonomic disorder, found in 44 (88%) patients. In a nerve conduction study, AIDP was the most common subtype seen in 28 (56%) patients; acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) and acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) were seen in 11 (22%) patients each. In patients with AIDP, distal latency prolongation was the most common findings (86%), while in AMAN and AMSAN, a decrease in CAMP was the most prevalent finding. Ventilatory support was needed in 18 (36%) patients enrolled in the study. Mortality was reported in 8 (16%) patients. In AMAN-AMSAN variants, IV Ig therapy appeared to have better outcomes at 6 months as compared to plasma exchange therapy. CONCLUSION: This study provides valuable insights into the clinical, laboratory, and electrophysiological features of GBS and highlights the effectiveness of IVIG as a treatment modality. Early recognition and treatment are crucial for optimal outcomes in GBS patients.
Published Version
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