CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME WHO UNDERWENT COVID-19

Abstract

This study examined the difference between neutrophil phagocytosis and humoral immunity in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who had Covid-19 compared with those without a new coronavirus infection. We examined 65 men with ACS aged 40 to 65 who had Covid-19 within 6 months to one year prior to the study, and 20 patients with ACS who did not have a new coronavirus infection and were vaccinated against coronavirus. All patients had critical stenoses of the coronary arteries and underwent stenting of these vessels in the first 3 days from the moment of admission to the hospital. In the group of patients with ACS who did not have covid (vaccinated), persons with unstable angina prevailed, while in the group with Covid-19, patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) prevailed, and to a greater extent with ST elevation (nST), which is a more severe form of ACS. All deceased patients with ACS had Covid-19. It was found that in patients who underwent Covid-19, Jg M (p <0.0001) and Jg G (p <0.01) to the virus significantly predominated in comparison with those who did not have a new coronavirus infection (vaccinated). Patients who underwent Covid-19 and ACS (p<0.05) showed a higher duration of hospitalization, blood troponin level, almost 3 times, and a Grace risk, an increased number of stents, and complications — stent thrombosis. They also showed a tendency to increase the total number of leukocytes, neutrophils, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in comparison with patients who did not have a new coronavirus infection. Higher levels of monocytes were observed both in absolute and relative values, at the same time lower values of activity and intensity of phagocytosis and phagocytic number of neutrophils were determined in people with ACS and Covid-19 compared to those without a new coronavirus infection. In the group of patients with ACS who underwent Covid-19, higher levels of general and specific Ig M, G to Covid-19 were noted.