Ácido tranexámico tópico e infiltración periarticular vs administración tópica para la disminución de pérdida sanguínea en artroplastia de rodilla. Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva

Abstract

IntroductionThe tranexamic acid is currently one of the most effective pharmacological methods for blood lose in articular replacements. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of TXA administration in periarticular infiltration combined with intraarticular administration compared to topical TXA in blood lose in total knee arthoplasty. MethodsRetrospective observational study. Patients undergoing total primary knee arthoplasty were included. Hematocrit and pre-surgical and post-surgical hemoglobin values ??were collected in patients operated between March 2016 and March 2018. The first group underwent peripheral joint infiltration with bupivacaine mixture with epinephrine 150mg, ketorolac 30mg, morphine 0.1mg / kg and 2g. of intraarticular TXA; the second group administered the same previous protocol plus 1g. of TXA in the infiltrated mixture. Outcomes174 patients [Group 1: 174 (65.9%) and Group 2: 90 (34.1%)]. From group 1, the percentage of transfusion was 0.57% (1 patient). The average decrease in hematocrit was 7.03% (-1.4 to 18.3) and the decrease in hemoglobin from 2.51 (-0.5 to -5.7) g / dl. In group 2 there were no transfusions. The average decrease in hematocrit was 7.05 (-0.3 to 15.1) and the decrease in hemoglobin of 2.56 (0.0-5.2) g / dl. DiscussionThe results of our study are similar to reports from previous studies. The use of TXA in the mixture of periarticular infiltration in addition to its topical use does not generate benefit in the control of blood loss in the total knee arthroplasty.Evidence: III