Chromosome painting in Glyphorynchus spirurus (Vieillot, 1819) detects a new fission in Passeriformes.

Talita Fernanda Augusto Ribas,Julio Cesar Pieczarka,Malcolm Andrew Ferguson-Smith,Cleusa Yoshiko Nagamachi,Melquizedec Luiz Silva Pinheiro,Pablo Suarez,Patricia Caroline Mary O´Brien,Fengtang Yang,Alexandre Aleixo,Suzannah Rutherford

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0202040

Abstract

Glyphorynchus spirurus (GSP), also called the Wedge-billed Woodcreeper (Furnariidae) has an extensive distribution in the Americas, including the Atlantic coast of Brazil. Nevertheless, there is no information about its karyotype or genome organization. To contribute to the knowledge of chromosomal evolution in Passeriformes we analysed the karyotype of Glyphorynchus spirurus by classic and molecular cytogenetics methods. We show that Glyphorynchus spirurus has a 2n = 80 karyotype with a fundamental number (FN) of 84, similar to the avian putative ancestral karyotype (PAK). Glyphorynchus spirurus pair 1 was heteromorphic in the Tapajós population whereby the short arms varied in sizes, possibly due to a pericentric inversion, as described in other Furnariidae birds. FISH with the Histone H5 probe revealed a signal in the pericentromeric region of G. spirurus chromosome 5 and rDNA 18S showed interstitial signal in GSP-1. Chromosome painting with Gallus gallus (GGA) macrochromosomes 1–9 probes showed disruption of chromosome syntenies of GGA-1, 2 and 4 by fission in Glyphorynchus spirurus. Our results confirm that the GGA1 centric fission is a synapomorphic character for the phylogenetic branch composed of Strigiformes, Passeriformes, Columbiformes and Falconiformes. On the other hand, the GGA-2 fission is reported here for the first time in Passeriformes. Chromosome painting with BOE whole chromosome probes confirmed these rearrangements in Glyphorynchus spirurus revealed by Gallus gallus 1–9 probes, in addition to enabling the establishment of genome-wide homology map.

Highlights

Glyphorynchus spirurus belongs to Furnariidae, with a wide distribution in the Americas, ranging from Central America, west to the Andes, throughout central Amazonia, and south along the Atlantic coast of Brazil [1]
We observed a heteromorphism in Glyphorynchus spirurus pair 1, where the short arm of one homologue is larger than the other in Tapajos samples when compared to samples from Belem
For the first time, the chromosomal homology of Gallus gallus and BOE in one bird of the Furnariidae family, Glyphorynchus spirurus

Summary

Introduction

Glyphorynchus spirurus (wedge-billed Woodcreeper) belongs to Furnariidae, with a wide distribution in the Americas, ranging from Central America, west to the Andes, throughout central Amazonia, and south along the Atlantic coast of Brazil [1]. This species is common, occurring in different types of lowland habitats, such as terra firme forests and seasonally flooded lowland forests, like várzea and igapó [2]. While several species of the Oscines suborder have been analysed by chromosome painting [7,8,9,10,11,12,13], only one species in Suboscines (6), Elaenia spectabilis (Tyrannidae), has been studied so far, In Furnariidae, Glyphorynchus spirurus has a sister relationship to the ‘‘strong- billed” clade [14]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion