Chlorfluazuron as Reproductive Inhibitor

Abstract

Benzoyl phenyl ureas (BPUs) inhibit chitin synthesis during growth and development in insects and act as moult disruptors, therefore, they have been called insect growth regulators (Wright and Retnakaran, 1987; Binnington and Retnakaran, 1991). IGRs, such as dimilin, are effective against a considerable range of insect larvae and adults in a variety of situations. The compound disrupts the moulting process by interfering with chitin synthesis. Research on the different aspects of dimilin as a chitin synthesis inhibitor, toxicant, ovicide, disrupting adult emergence, and residual effects have been done with various insect species, e.g., Jakob, 1973; James, 1974; Qureshi et al.,1983; Naqvi and Rub, 1985; Ganiev, 1986; Khan and Naqvi, 1988; Gupta et al., 1991; Tahir et al., 1992; Nizam, 1993. Several modes of action have been reported for these pesticides. For example, phagodeterrents and repellents (Abro et al., 1997), chitin synthesis inhibition (Hajjar and Casida, 1979), growth inhibition and abnormal development (Hashizume, 1988), ovicidal action (Hatakoshi, 1992), insecticidal effects on the reproductive system (Chang and Borkovec, 1980) and neurotoxic effects on insect behaviour (Haynes, 1988).