Chemical composition, nutritional and energy value of perennial cereal grasses depending on fertilizer

Abstract

Purpose. To establish changes in the chemical composition, nutritional value and energy intensity of various types of perennial grasses feed under the influence of mineral fertilizers. Methods. General scientific – hypotheses, inductions and deductions, analogies, generalizations, and special – field, laboratory, analytical, mathematical-statistical, calculation-comparative. Results. The results of research on the content of organic and mineral substances in various types of perennial grasses feed, its nutritional value and energy intensity on sod-podzolic soils of the Carpathian region are presented. Conclusions. Nitrogen has the most positive effect on the chemical composition of cereal grass stands. With the fractional application of nitrogen fertilizers in a dose of N90 under each mowing against the background of application of P60K60, the content of crude protein in the dry mass of various types of grasses increased from 10.3-11.5% to 14.5-15.6%, or by 3.1- 4.0%, protein – from 7.6-8.0% to 10.0-10.8%, or by 2.2-2.4%, as well as tendentious crude fat, and the content of nitrogenfree extractive substances decreased from 46.8-51.2 to 41.9-45.9%, or by 4.2-4.9%. At the same time, the supply of digestible protein of the feed unit increased from 107-110 g to 142-152 g, or by 35-42 g. With the application of P60K60, compared to the variant without fertilizers application, the phosphorus content in the dry mass of grasses increased by 0.02-0.04% and that of potassium – by 0.20-0.36%. Most of these mineral elements, as well as raw ash, were accumulated by the Dactylis glomerata. Due to the improvement in quality through introduction of N90, perennial grasses are suitable for the production of high-quality grass feed, in particular hay, haylage and green fodder of the 1st class and artificially dried grass feed of the 3rd class.