Abstract
Giant k31 in (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 (x=0.251–0.301) (PMNT) (110) single-crystal plates with dimensions of 13L×4.0W×0.25T mm3 was investigated by the chemical composition dependence of ferroelectric properties, impedance response on the k31 mode, P–E hysteresis loop and electric-field induced strain. The Ti composition (x) dependence of the relative dielectric constant after poling, and the dependence of k31 and the frequency constant of k31 mode versus x consisted of four groups. Giant k31 of more than 80% was obtained for x=0.251–0.293, and the maximum k31 reached 92% (x=0.291). The frequency response of impedance in (110) PMNT single-crystal plates with giant k31 was composed of a single vibration in the length direction. The P–E hysteresis loops became asymmetrical in the case of (110) PMNT plates with giant k31. In addition, the relationship between shrinkage-strain in the length direction and a unipolar triangle pulse field applied in the poling direction showed a typical relaxor-type hysteresis in the plates with giant k31. A mechanism for realizing giant k31 was explained by the relationships between the crystal planes, which strongly affect the direction of the spontaneous polarization and poling direction. Furthermore, it was found that there were different crystal structures after poling in the plates with giant k31.
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