Characterization of patchouli oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth) production of Tinombala Village, Ongka Malino District, Parigi Moutong Regency

Abstract

Patchouli oil comes from Tinombala village which has never been tested for the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of patchouli oil by characterizing parameters of physical and chemical properties including color, refractive index, specific gravity, solubility in alcohol, acid number, ester number, iron content (Fe), and patchouli alcohol and alpha copaene content.. Sampling was done by random sampling. The results show a specific gravity of 25/25oC sample A = 0.9564, B = 0.9658, and C = 0.9590, refractive index (nD20) sample A = 1.5111, B = 1.5085 and C = 1.5086, the solubility in alcohol using ethanol of the three samples is >1:10 while using methanol 1:10, the acid number of the sample A=21.0375, B=9.1162 and C=19.6350, the ester number of the sample A=28,05, B=21.04 and C=21.04, iron (Fe) content of sample A=1.84210 mg/L, B=0.186842 mg/L and C=6.78950 mg/L, patchouli content alcohol sample A=,16,96%, B=15,52% and C=14,55% and for alpha copaene not detected. The results showed that the quality of patchouli oil in Tinombala village did not meet the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). Only the specific gravity, refractive index, and iron content are by the quality requirements, while the acid number and ester number and the main component determining the quality of patchouli oil, namely the patchouli alcohol content are still below the Indonesian National Standard, which is below 30%.