The yield, alcohol patchouli content and chemical composition of patchouli oil from moluccas and Aceh

Abstract

Patchouli oil is one of the essential oils which are Indonesia’s export commodities. The process of extracting oil from patchouli leaves (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is done by distillation. In Maluku, the patchouli oil distillation small industry has started to develop because it is necessary to know the yield, chemical composition, and content of Patchouli alcohol which is one of the parameters that determine the quality of patchouli oil. The study was conducted to determine and compare the yield, patchouli alcohol content, and chemical composition of patchouli oil from Maluku (Ambon) and Aceh. Patchouli oil is obtained using a distillation system, then analyzed. Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometer are used to analyse the chemical composition and content of Patchouli alcohol, which results will determine the quality of patchouli oil according to INS No. 06-2385-2006. The results using GC-MS showed that patchouli oil from Maluku (Ambon) identified 30 constituent components with the 3 largest percentage components, includes patchouli alcohol 19.69%, delta-Guaiene 17.97%, and alpha-Guaiene 14.11% and yield results of 1.8%. While Aceh patchouli oil identified 25 constituent components with the 3 largest percentage components, includes patchouli alcohol 35.86%, alpha-patchoulene 26.05%, and delta-Guaiene 18.36% with oil yield of 3.6%.