Characterization of mechanical, chemical properties and microstructure of untreated and treated Cissus Quadrangularis fiber

Abstract

In recent days, there is increased preference for the use of natural fibers in composite material preparation over synthetic fibers as the latter are considered hazardous to human health. Nowadays, scientists and researchers are focusing their concerted efforts on discovering new natural fibers which exhibit comparable characteristics and desirable properties similar to those of existing natural fibers like Sisal, Banana, etc. being utilized as reinforcement in composite materials. Among the recent natural fibers, Cissus Quadrangularis fiber (CQF) has interested researchers the most due to its higher potential cellulose content compared to other fibers. In this investigative paper, the mechanical and chemical properties as well as the microstructure of both untreated CQF and Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treated CQF are examined. The NaOH treatment of the fibers is carried out with three concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The tensile strength of the untreated CQF is determined by conducting a single fiber tensile test on samples with gauge lengths of 10 mm-50 mm with 10 mm increment. The NaOH-treated CQF’s single fiber tensile strength is examined for 40 mm gauge length. In addition, the chemical composition of the untreated CQF and 15% NaOH treated CQF is studied using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) technique and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The obtained results reveal that the 15% NaOH-treated CQF possesses more promising characteristics compared to the untreated CQF and can therefore can be utilized as potential natural fiber reinforcement in polymer composite preparation.