Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the present study is a synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) by green and chemical method. The nanoparticles were tested for their antimicrobial, antibiofilm activity, biocompatibility, and hemolysis activity.
 Methods: We have synthesized ZnONPs both by green and chemical synthesis using the coprecipitation method. To understand the functional group, absorbance, crystalline nature, size, and shape of the synthesized particles, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy were done. Antibacterial activity was carried out using different bacterial strains. The cytotoxicity of synthesized nanoparticles was checked using MTT assay with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibiofilm activities of both synthesized nanoparticles were done using Staphylococcus aureus and to assess the toxicity of nanoparticles at the cellular level, hemolysis assay was performed.
 Results: The yield of nanoparticles in green synthesis was much higher when compared to chemical synthesis. Spectral results showed that the synthesized nanoparticles were ZnONPs. Antibacterial, antibiofilm, and hemolysis assay showed that green nanoparticles were more potent than chemical nanoparticles.
 Conclusion: Hence, green synthesis provides an advantage over chemical synthesis as it is cost effective, environmentally friendly, and easily scaled up for large-scale synthesis.
Highlights
In recent years, nanoparticles are the most thought provoking and fascinating disputes of science and technology in the examination point of understanding due to its unique, optical, electrical, photochemical, and photocatalytic properties
Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) ZnONPs were synthesized by coprecipitation method for both green and chemical synthesis
Particles size and morphology characterization of ZnONPs Characterization of nanoparticles is a very important step to identify the structure, shape, and charge of the synthesized nanoparticles. This was supported by considering various parameters such as ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDAX
Summary
Nanoparticles are the most thought provoking and fascinating disputes of science and technology in the examination point of understanding due to its unique, optical, electrical, photochemical, and photocatalytic properties. It has diverse innovative applications that range from innovative food processing, agricultural production, and fabric compounds to superior medical techniques [1]. Nanomaterials are beneficial based on the properties they own. The best known materials that have been broadly used for medical applications are zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs). It is a magical material due to its widespread applications and flexibility of research in different morphologies with different properties [2]
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