CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATION OF BIOPOLYMERS FOR MICROENCAPSULATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

Abstract

In the feeding of highly productive agricultural animals and poultry, an important role belongs to the quality and safety of compound feed products, for the production of which premixes or preparations of biologically active substances are used. Increasingly, probiotic supplements based on live microorganisms are used in the feeding of farm animals and poultry, which, among other things, provide stable immunity to infectious diseases without using antibiotics in the diet. As a result, the general condition improves and the productivity of animals and the quality of livestock products increase. Today, one of the urgent issues is the stabilization of probiotic microorganisms. Thus, the microencapsulation technology allows you to cover the particles of the probiotic supplement with an individual shell to obtain a product with a directed effect and an adjustable time of release of the constituent substance. The article deals with protein metabolism during feeding of highly productive breeds of cattle. Methods of cell stabilization and advantages of stabilized forms of probiotics are presented. Technologies and types of shell materials widely used for microencapsulation of probiotics are analyzed. The use of a specific microencapsulation technology or material depends on the properties of the specific probiotic strain. Organic and inorganic substances, synthetic materials and natural biodegradable polymers are used to stabilize the cells of microorganisms. The most popular biopolymers used for microencapsulation are considered in detail - alginates, carrageenans, chitosan, starch, gum arabic, pectin, gelatin, whey protein. The structural composition, production methods, functional characteristics, volumes of global production of the considered biopolymers are given. The use of microencapsulation of probiotic microorganisms with natural biopolymers for the purpose of stabilizing probiotics in animal feed is an innovative approach.