Use of endemic plants in dairy cattle breeding in the Middle Amur region

Abstract

Preservation and maintenance of high productivity, reproductive capacity, productive longevity, and vitality is an urgent task of dairy farming. Modern dairy farming is characterized by a high level of mechanization of all production processes, a large concentration of animals in a confined space, constant exposure to various stressors against the background of increasing environmental pollution. This implies an increase in the adaptive abilities of the animal organism. The situation is aggravated by the transfer of animals to low-component rations and year-round stall keeping without active movement. The main role at the present stage of dairy farming development belongs to the strengthening of the fodder base and the organization of rational feeding of cattle. Only complete feeding ensures the practical realization of the genetically determined level of animal productivity, thereby contributing to the further increase in the efficiency of animal husbandry. Considering the problems of increasing the production of animal products in the conditions of the Khabarovsk Territory, the most important of them should be noted: increasing the biological value of the diet of animals by enriching the missing components. Due to the fact that the compound feed imported from other regions of Russia to the Far East does not always correspond to the required quality, chemical composition and nutritional value, therefore, in the Far East region, to increase the biological value of the animal diet, it is possible to use additives from local plant resources containing in its composition is a whole complex of biologically active substances, macro- and microelements. Domestic and world practice has convincingly proved that the use of biologically active substances in the feeding of animals and poultry makes it possible to obtain more products from them while reducing feed costs. Taking this factor into account, we have carried out studies on the use of flour from the roots and stems of the high teapot as a source of biologically active substances in the feeding of farm animals, as well as an alcoholic extract of the roots of the fox. Positive changes were noted in the experimental groups. During the reference period, the preparations of the high lure helped to stimulate the reproductive function of cows after calving, led to an earlier fertilization of cows and an increase in milk productivity during the milking period.