Abstract
The Na+/Ca2+ exchangers (NCXs) modulate the Ca2+ signaling and homeostasis in health and disease.The transport cycle turnover rates (kcat) and the kcat/Km values of eukaryotic NCXs are ~104-times higher than those of prokaryotic NCXs.Three ion-coordinating residues (out of twelve) differ between eukaryotic NCXs and NCX_Mj.The replacement of three ion-coordinating residues in NCX_Mj does not increase kcat, probably due to the structural rigidity of NCX_Mj. Phospholipids and cholesterol increase (up to 10-fold) the transport rates in the cardiac NCX1.1, but not in NCX_Mj.A lipid environment can partially contribute to the huge kinetic variances among NCXs.
Published Version
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