Abstract
A hydraulic pump takes oil from a tank and delivers it to the rest of the hydraulic circuit. It raises oil pressure to the required level. This chapter illustrates the operation of such a pump. There are two types of pump (for fluids) or compressor (for gases). There are essentially three different types of positive displacement pump used in hydraulic systems. The difference in pressure between outlet and inlet ports creates a severe load on the vanes and a large side load on the rotor shaft, which can lead to bearing failure. Allowing excess fluid from a pump to return to the tank by a pressure relief valve is wasteful of energy and can lead to a rapid rise in temperature of the fluid as the wasted energy is converted to heat. It is normally undesirable to start and stop the pump to match load requirements, as this causes shock loads to pump, motor, and couplings.
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