Abstract
Recently, mesostructured solid catalysts have been attracting attention for biodiesel synthesis owning to their remarkable characteristics, such as harmonized surface characteristic, large surface area, large and flexible pore size, specific crystallization, and high thermal stability. Principally, higher surface area can be obtained as a result of either porous creation or transforming bulk material to nanoparticles. The bigger pore diameters simplify the diffusion of the reactants into pore channels, which consequently enhances the accessibility of the reactants to the majority of the active sites. The considerable physicochemical, morphological, structural, and textural properties of mesoporous materials have found applicable as heterogeneous catalysts, support catalysts, and adsorbents in many fields of studies. The absorbent surface property of the mesoporous catalysts makes them to absorb long-chain organic molecules such as free fatty acids (FFAs). It highly improves the catalytic activity through reaction for transforming of high FFAs feedstocks to biodiesel.
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