Abstract
Free borole chemistry has witnessed enormous progress in the past years that led to new insights into their bonding, antiaromaticity, and reactivity. While the early research in the field was mainly stimulated by fundamental questions regarding their 4π-electron antiaromaticity, boroles are increasingly in the focus of current research activities due to their unusual electronic and optical properties, which arise from the overlap of the vacant p z -orbital on boron with the diene system in the five-membered ring. This chapter gives a systematic and comprehensive account of free borole chemistry with a particular emphasis on substituent effects on their molecular properties.
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