Abstract
Publisher Summary The separation, concentration and purification of the chemical species out of a mixture is an important part of the chemical process industry. Over past 30 years, it has been seen that the growth of several new industries based on membrane technology. Membrane separation processes have evolved from simple applications to more sophisticated industrial operations, covering such applications as reverse osmosis, gas separations, controlled release of pharmaceutical formulations, and artificial kidney. Beginning in the late 1960s, the concept of membrane reactor was recognized. In recent years there has been rapid development in various membrane reactors. The membrane reactor has been studied with both biological and chemical reactions (heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions). Because of the restriction of membrane materials, the majority of the investigations have been concentrated on the application of a membrane reactor to biochemical or enzymatic reactions with polymeric membranes. Although there are many industrially important heterogeneous reactions, not much progress has been made in this area because of the relatively high operating temperature.
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