Abstract

Publisher Summary Building on the knowledge base of conventional tissue grafts and disparate fields of science and engineering, great strides have been made in the field of tissue engineering with regard to replacement and assembly of functional tissue equivalents. The development of tissue-engineered constructs (TECs) involves a complex underlying interplay of mechanisms. A case in point is the provision of a microvasculature. What nature appears to readily provide has become a crux in the current TEC design. To be sure, the future design of clinically translatable TECs will continue to involve multidisciplinary research and training to address the current and future design limitations realized with TECs. Many current design limitations are not insurmountable, but only require innovative approaches and/or development of new technologies. Once titanium alloys were the implant scaffolds of choice. But today there are biodegradable polymers, “smart” polymers, and biomimetic materials. The future for the development of clinically translatable TECs is just beginning to be fathomed.

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