Chapter II. 1 - Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions

Abstract

Publisher Summary Cellular interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) are complex. Not only does the ECM provide structural support to cells and tissues, but it is also responsible for generating cell signals that are capable of affecting cell proliferation and differentiation, cell migration, and cell adhesion. In tissue engineering, where an attempt is made to regenerate a specific tissue or replace a specific tissue function, it is critical to understand the interactions between the tissue cells of interest and their natural ECM environment. A thorough understanding of these interactions may allow the tissue engineer to purposefully and systematically regulate the cellular function. Furthermore, specific cell adhesion mechanisms could be exploited by incorporating cell recognition peptide motifs into synthetic polymeric materials for implantation. Such a system would allow the engineer to develop biomaterials with specific mechanical properties that also promote a desirable cellular behavior. Nature has developed an intricate environment in which normal tissue cells live and grow. By elucidating the ways in which the cells and their ECM environment interact, the tissue engineer may begin to systematically and purposefully design and grow new tissues.