Chapter Four - Power-to-gas (P2G) participation in multienergy and ancillary service markets

Abstract

Achieving the zero-carbon goal requires the high growth of renewable generation penetration in energy networks. To guarantee the reliable service of energy networks with high intermittent renewable production, having sufficient flexible resources to avoid the power curtailment of renewable energy resources (RESs) is essential. Power-to-gas (P2G) conversion technology can play an important role in energy systems integrated with RESs. The power produced from RESs can be converted to hydrogen by electrolysis and then methanation to prevent the power curtailment of renewable energy. In addition, the rapid response capability of hydrogen electrolyzers enables the P2G unit to actively and constructively participate in the ancillary services market. To this end, this chapter will investigate a hybrid robust-stochastic self-scheduling problem for optimal participation of a hybrid power plant (HPP) consisting of wind and solar power plants, electrical storage, P2G storage in multienergy and reserve markets. In the introduced structure, the market price uncertainty is addressed by the robust optimization approach to achieve a risk-averse strategy. In addition, uncertainties related to wind and solar power plants, owing to their random nature, are controlled by a scenario-based stochastic approach. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the P2G storage in increasing the profit of HPP by reducing renewable power curtailment and participation in the energy and ancillary service market.