Abstract
This chapter begins with a discussion of units of measure for vacuum, and gives equations for conversion between mass, actual volume, and standard volume flow. Characteristics for the three types of vacuum pumps are tabulated: ejectors, liquid ring, and dry pumps. Steam jet ejectors are discussed, with a list of data that are typically required to size and select a system. Design and installation recommendations for ejectors are given. Liquid ring vacuum pumps are discussed, with charts to determine the pump capacity based on seal water temperature. Dry vacuum pumps are briefly described. Methods for determining air leakage into a process system and time to evacuate a system are presented. Vacuum control schemes are compared.
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