Abstract
Nonaqueous biphasic systems provide complementary properties to aqueous biphasic systems for the extraction of neutral organic compounds of low-water solubility and for compounds unstable in water. The solvation parameter model is employed for the classification of totally organic biphasic systems with acetonitrile, methanol, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, propylene carbonate, 3,3,3-trifluoroethanol, formamide, and ethanolamine as the polar solvent and n-heptane (or n-hexane), isopentyl ether, 1,2-dichloroethane, triethylamine, or octan-1-ol as a low-polarity countersolvent forming 21 binary biphasic systems of low mutual solubility. Practical applications for the isolation of organic compounds are described and their use to estimate aqueous solution properties for compounds of low-water solubility otherwise difficult to measure by conventional laboratory techniques.
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