Abstract
The hippocampus is a three-layered, phylogenetically conserved archicortex with five distinct subdivisions. Overall, it follows an early timeline of neurogenesis but a prolonged maturation, presumably relevant for its unique contributions to spatial and mnemonic processes. In this chapter, we first review current concepts on adult hippocampal organization in relation to microcircuitry and, against this backdrop, provide a brief survey of early anatomical and physiological developmental aspects. An emerging theme is that there are multiple circuits, and a high heterogeneity within and across the hippocampal subdivisions.
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