Abstract
International safeguards inspections by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) ensure the peaceful use of nuclear materials and technology. IAEA safeguards inspectors perform inspections at facilities to verify independently the declarations of a state about the use of its nuclear materials. The IAEA has three key objectives for states with comprehensive safeguards agreements: detection of any diversion of declared nuclear material; detection of any misuse of declared facilities for undeclared nuclear material production or processing; and detection of any undeclared nuclear materials and activities. The means of attainment of these goals has evolved over time. This chapter describes the concepts of safeguards inspections, and what a generic safeguards inspection regime at a generic example light-water reactor might look like.
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