Chapter 9 - Ethnography

Abstract

In-depth, longitudinal observation of complex contexts is often necessary for understanding systems requirements or the impact of systems in use. Ethnography refers to the use of in-depth observation, and often participation, of a human group, culture, or context, with the goal of developing a rich description of activities, interactions, beliefs, roles, and goals. Ethnographic research in human-computer interaction (HCI) is particularly useful for understanding environment where stakeholders interact to complete complex tasks involving the need for coordination and exchange of information. This chapter discusses the selection of sites, identification of research roles, practical issues for ethnographic studies, and processes involved in collecting and analyzing ethnographic data. Examples of ethnographic HCI studies in home, work, education, and other settings are provided.