Chapter 8 - Perspectives on Security of Nuclear Material in Transport

Abstract

This chapter frames the context of transportation security in relation to the associated topics of safety and safeguards. This framework establishes the boundaries from one discipline to another within the operational constraints of transportation security. The chapter then provides the practical aspects of transportation security that apply primarily to International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)–designated Category I and II nuclear materials (designated quantities of plutonium isotopes and 235U enriched above 20%) used for civil purposes. The transportation security of Category III nuclear materials could be addressed with commercial practices and industry standards. For example, the UN Model Regulations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods addresses the requirements for the transport of Class 7 radioactive materials. Due to their potential for use for nonpeaceful purposes, Category I and II nuclear materials warrant special consideration. The concepts developed in this chapter could also apply to the transportation of other nonfissile radioactive materials that may be especially vulnerable to theft or sabotage. Transport of radioactive materials exceeding certain thresholds may require “enhanced security measures” called for in IAEA guidance.