Abstract
Neutron diffraction is used to analyze structures and microstructural phases of cultural heritage materials without removing a sample. The most common application is the analysis of archaeological and historical metal objects, where the aim is to characterize the alloy and the mineral corrosion, and to determine the manufacturing and heat treatment history. Neutron diffraction is complementary to X-ray diffraction, in that it provides information from the whole volume rather than just the surface of a material. A new neutron diffraction imaging technique allows for mapping of structure properties with submillimeter spatial resolution. The interaction of neutrons with the material leads to short-term activation, typically on a scale of hours to days following the analysis.
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