Abstract
This chapter presents how nanotechnology impacts metal. In a nano metal medium, light can be guided, confined, and focused far beyond what conventional dielectric technology offers. Whereas in a dielectric medium, focusing is wavelength-limited (diffraction-limited) to ∼300 nm at best, in a nano metal medium it is independent of the incoming wavelength, with no limit as it is only limited by the size of the nanostructure, practically confining light into super intense “hot-spots.” Moreover, nano metal shows strong color change; and become hot and highly interactive with the environment upon light illumination. This chapter presents the plasma model and the concept of plasmon resonance in bulk, interfaces, nanowires, and nanoparticles. Then it covers focusing and lensing, as well as scattering of light according to the Mie theory. Various procedures for synthesis of nanostructures (nanoparticles and nanorods) are then presented for noble metals and magnetic metals. Finally, a brief discussion of refining and harvesting of gold and safety and toxicity issues are presented.
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