Abstract
Due to the exponential expansion of the biomedical literature, systematic reviews and meta-analyses are crucial to evidence-based medicine. To answer a specific research question, a systematic review identifies, appraises, and synthesizes all practically-identifiable studies that fit pre-specified eligibility criteria. Meta-analysis refers to a set of statistical techniques for combining quantitative results from the studies included in a systematic review. This chapter provides a high-level introduction to the premise, uses, and steps of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We also discuss how systematic reviews and meta-analyses can be accessed and the current and potential roles that they play in the evidence ecosystem. Throughout, we discuss the potential for medical informatics to improve the process of systematic reviews and meta-analysis.
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