Abstract
Citrus fruits are harvested manually as well as mechanically. Manual harvesting is cumbersome and labour intensive while mechanical harvesting has its own disadvantages particularly for the fruit that is destined for fresh fruit market. Loosening chemicals are used to increase efficiency of tree-shaker harvester. Robotic or mechanical arm and the torsion method of detachment with machine vision sensors/cameras and deep-learning based detection algorithms have shown to be robust keeping in view variation in fruit colour, size and environment in open field. It is estimated that labour cost can be as high as 60% of the total production cost when harvesting cost is included. This chapter discusses all these concerned issues and future scope of mechanical and robotic harvesting for fresh fruit market.
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