Abstract
Gelling agents are mainly used for water shutoff and limiting sand production. Some agents can also be used for primary plugging of surface and flow strings, as well as for eliminating lost circulation. Flow-deflecting technologies based on gel-forming agents are effective in highly water-invaded multizone reservoirs. Redistribution of the flow is achieved by equalizing the injectivity profile of the injection wells and reducing the content of produced water in the producing wells. Redistribution also reduces the consumption of electricity, demulsifiers, and fuels used for oil treating in the field. To broaden the use of gel technologies, it is necessary to solve certain problems of developing and manufacturing mobile units for preparing and injecting large volumes of gel compositions in wells and for producing nonfreezing agents for year-round stimulation treatments. Gels can be formed by various chemical principles—namely, bringing polyanionic and polycationic substances together, physical cross-linking of carboxyl-functional polymers with multivalent, and using chelating agents.
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