Abstract
Approximately 150 years ago, plant pathologists Frank and Gibelli surprisingly noticed forest tree roots surrounded by the fungal mantle. In the early 19th century, the biological meaning of mycorrhizal associations involved the mechanism of nutrient exchange between partners, the interaction between plants and mycorrhizal fungi, and the identification and evolution of mycorrhizal symbionts. This is how the concept of molecular study of mycorrhizal biology came into new sight from the roots of past research. Compared to this historical knowledge, the advanced study of mycorrhizas remains a young science. Recent research studies have changed the perception of the pertinence of mycorrhizas in the scientific community and society. Looking into the past knowledge of mycorrhizal fungi may open the door to catch a glimpse of the future of fungal mycorrhiza associated with plant roots. Therefore, this chapter will discuss new advancements and approaches made in mycorrhizal fungi interaction with the plant roots.
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