Abstract
The activity of a radionuclide can be determined by applying different measurement procedures. The application of all these procedures depends on different parameters, particularly radionuclide decay. However, determination of activity is often difficult due to various circumstances connected with radioactivity. The measure is not direct in the sense that an instrument cannot be applied to obtain activity directly as the weight of an object can be measured on scales or the length of a rod can be measured with a meter. Radioactive emission is a random process and, therefore, what an instrument measures is radiation emission and the activity of a radioactive sample is the average value of radioactive emission per unit of time. Furthermore, radiation measurement is indirect, so we have to consider the interaction of radiation with matter. The methods described in this chapter include Absolute Direct Standardization, Beta–Gamma Coincidence, Beta–Gamma Anticoincidence, Beta–gamma Correlation, Solid Angle Methods, Proportional Counting Methods, Liquid Scintillation Counting, Internal Gas Counting, Calorimetric Detectors, Relative Methods, Monte Carlo Techniques, SIR of Gamma, Sample Preparation, and Mass Determination.
Published Version
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