Abstract
Artificially created ochre pellets from mixing Portland cement with raw ochre sludge were utilized to remediate either high (HC) or low (LC) contaminated synthetic graywater (SGW) in mesocosm-scale stabilization ponds at 2- and 7-day contact times under real weather conditions. The results showed that cement–ochre pellets have a high ability to adsorb ortho-phosphate-phosphorous significantly by 71% and 56% at 7-day contact time for HC-SGW and LC-SGW, respectively. After the experiment, an analysis revealed that elements such as boron, cadmium, magnesium, manganese, nickel, and zinc accumulated significantly within the ochre pellets. The notable accumulation of cadmium within ochre pellets reflects the significant remediation of graywater during the first 35 and 20 successive times of treatment for HC-SGW at 2- and 7-day contact times, respectively. Cadmium was still adsorbed significantly during the treatment of LC-SGW. However, the calcium content decreased significantly within ochre pellets treating both types of graywaters due to mobilization.
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