Chapter 7 - Fermented fish products and health aspects

Abstract

Fermented fish and other aquatic fermented products are unique in terms of nutritional value and sensory attributes, thereby holding a high demand around the globe. Based on the geological significance, Southeast Asia dominates various traditional fermented fish products compared to European countries owing to the availability of a wide range of raw materials. Generally, fermentation is known to have an important role in preserving nutrients, improving textural and flavor properties of fish. Primarily, this could depend on the types of fermentation methods (spontaneous and non-spontaneous) and quality of raw material employed. During fermentation, the enzyme activity influenced by the interaction of various native or selective microflora has been correlated to generate diversified bioactive compounds. Some of these compounds are known to exhibit numerous health benefits and are termed “bioactive compounds.” In addition, these bioactive compounds are known to show a protective or preventive role against various diseases. Concerning this, the present chapter aims to provide information on fermented fish and other aquatic fermented products based on the geographic distribution, their traditional significance and types of fermentation processes, microbiome involved, bioactive compounds pertaining fermentation process, and various health benefits such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer properties, etc.