Abstract
Health-promoting attributes of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been extensively studied. Advances in genome analysis have provided the necessary tools for assessing these features from a genomic perspective. Descriptions of metabolic pathways, regulatory mechanisms, and gene networks have improved our understanding regarding these properties. Among them, regulation of antiallergy immune responses and production of bioactive peptides, γ-aminobutyric acid, and vitamins, especially of the B complex, have been at the epicenter of intensive study over the last decade. The potential of LAB to reduce allergic and intolerance responses to wheat proteins and produce an array of functional ingredients has been characterized as a species-specific and, in some cases, a strain-dependent trait. The present chapter aimed to collect and critically discuss all related information on the subject.
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