Abstract
Gas bubble disease or gas supersaturation can cause acute mortalities in fish and has been recognized as early as 1857. Gas bubble disease can affect any fish species, and the scenarios leading to gas supersaturation need to be understood to diagnosis and manage the disorder. Supersaturation by oxygen or nitrogen means that more dissolved gas that is normal at a certain water temperature and atmospheric pressure is present in the water. In the blood of the exposed fish, when the sum of the dissolved gas pressure exceeds the sum of the hydrostatic pressure to keep the gas in solution, the gas comes out of solution and forms gas emboli in blood vessels or bubbles in tissues (emphysema) leading to physiological disruptions.
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