Chapter 6 - The dynamics of cell–extracellular matrix interactions, with implications for tissue engineering

Abstract

The ability to perform tissue and organ replacement has led to improved patient quality of life and health care. Much of this success can be attributed to the interdisciplinary approaches to tissue engineering. Indeed, today scientists with very diverse backgrounds, including molecular, cellular, developmental, and systems biology, collaborate with bioengineers to develop tissue analogs that allow physicians to improve, maintain, and restore tissue function. Several approaches have been taken to achieve these goals. One approach involves the use of matrices containing specific cells, growth factors, and cytokines that can be used as tissue replacements. More recently, stem cell–based therapies are being implemented in conjunction with specific matrices and bioactive molecules. Continued advancement in tissue engineering is dependent upon studies investigating the basic mechanisms of the interactions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules during development and development-like processes such as wound healing. In this chapter, we discuss some of the key findings that led to our current understanding of how the dynamics of cell–ECM interactions contribute to cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, and programed death, all of which are important parameters to consider when preparing and using tissue analogs.