Abstract

This chapter presents basic concepts in human visual perception and color space, as well as basic coverage of common image sensors and displays. Several visual phenomena that are important in image and video perception are discussed including Weber's law, that defines contrast and introduces the concept of just noticeable difference (JND); the contrast sensitivity function, also called the visual magnitude transfer function (MTF); the human visual frequency response; and the concept of spatial adaptation of contrast sensitivity. The basic properties of images, sensors, displays, and the human visual system (HVS), which are discussed in this chapter are essential topics, providing a link between the multidimensional signal processing and the image and video processing. Spatial and temporal properties of human vision are described and a basic spatiotemporal frequency response of the eye–brain system is presented. This information is useful for the design and analysis of image and video signal processing systems, which produce images and video to be seen by human observers.

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