Abstract

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a single polarized layer of epithelium cells between photoreceptors and choroids. RPE plays multiple important roles in the maintenance of visual function, and various retinal degeneration diseases are mainly caused by dysfunction and loss of RPE. Human stem cell-derived RPE (HSC-RPE) can be a suitable candidate for cell replacement therapy. Innovations in protocols for generating HSC-RPE support the exploration of intractable blinding retinal disease treatment. Automated analysis based on appearance and functional characteristics provide objective and rapid measurements of cultured cells. Clinical studies of HSC-RPE cell transplants reveal no serious consequences related to the graft and encourage further discovery and translation. This chapter aims to overview past and current findings of the generation, characteristics, and clinical studies of HSC-RPE cells. Finally, we discuss the perspectives of HSC-RPE cell replacement therapy and possible development for future transplantation.

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