Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used in recent decades in various aspects of health and treatment of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and AD. Bacopa monnieri, Centella asiatica, Crocus sativus, Curcuma longa, Ginkgo biloba, Huperzia serrata, Melisa officinalis, Panax ginseng, and Salvia species are among the most famous and usable medicinal herbs for the prevention and treatment of AD. β-Asarone, boswellicacids, cinnamaldehyde, crocin, curcumin, ginkgolides, huperzine A, and rosmarinic acid are samples of the main phytochemicals, which can inhibit many involved pathologic processes in AD such as increased AChE activity, amyloid aggregation, cell apoptosis, stress oxidative, mitochondrial deficits, metal ion accumulation, and neuroinflammation, and also enhance and modulate some preventive substances and processes such as NFG, Nrf2, NT-3 and neurogenesis and stem cell proliferation. Improvement of memory and learning in intact animals and prevention from neurodegeneration and memory loss in various models of induced AD or dementia have also been proven in many cases.
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