Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and nonmotor dysfunction. Due to the unsatisfactory efficacy of pharmacological treatments, the use of dietary strategies and natural products has been investigated. Among the most important are ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) since epidemiological and clinical studies in humans, animal models, and cultured cells have clearly demonstrated their benefits on PD and other chronic and neuropsychiatric disorders, such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and autism spectrum disorders. Other natural compounds with neuroprotective activities are cannabidiol, flavonoids, and curcumin. The mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of ω-3 PUFA are related with antioxidant, neuroprotective, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities, which results in improvements in locomotor and cognitive functions. The development of therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of PD that combines existing drugs with ω-3 PUFA and other natural products, as part of dietary programs or as supplements, is highly desirable.
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