Abstract
Biosynthesis is a common nanoparticles synthesis approach that relies on the use of biological resources, such as microbes and plants, to synthesize nanoparticles with specific characteristics. The biosynthesis conditions can be used to control the size, morphology, toxicity, biocompatibility, and bioactivity of the nanoparticles while allowing the possibility for scale-up. Biosynthesis approaches have the potential to yield less toxic nanoparticles alongside bioavailability, biocompatibility, and bioactivity, making them suitable for pharmaceutical formulations and biomedical applications in for disease treatment. This chapter discusses various nanoparticles synthesized from microbes and plants. In addition, the efficacy of utilizing biosynthesized nanoparticles to fabricate glucose sensors, for controlled insulin therapy, and to develop antidiabetic nanomedicines for diabetes treatment is discussed.
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